Broken Family Essay

Family is the basic unit of society. This is the most essential component of a country. A home is where a family lives. It may be alternated to the word ‘house’ but a house is more appropriately referring to the material structure, whereas ‘home’ refers to the intangible things that bind together the family members. It is the immeasurable love and care that keeps together the mother, father and their children. However, no matter how ideal a family in the terms of their relationship, there are still hardships and misunderstandings that will come along the way. It is just part of any relationship anyway. But, the sad part is when one of the family members gave up and the others have no choice but to accept and let go. Thus, the family starts to be broken. A family can consist of a father, mother, and children. They all live in the same house until they are old enough to leave. Broken Family is a family with children involved where parents are legally or illega lly separated whose parents have decided to go and live their lives separately for several reasons/problems. A broken family is one where the parents (mother and father) of a child or children have split up and no longer share a single family home as a family unit. This is also known as a broken home. Have you ever heard the expression â€Å"A family who’s eats together stays together†? Well, that is true, but and emotionally broken up family means that the family has grown apart, fights all the time, doesn’t get along. It doesn’t just take a toll on the family, it takes a toll on the family members. No one wants a broken home. Even if they say they do. Broken family is a major problem of the society that should be given enough attention. The behaviour of family setup affects the social, economic and political aspects of a country. It should not be taken for granted as if it will fix the problem on its own. Unconditional love and eternal care should be the foundation of every family. It should always be remembered to keep the family away from the thoughts of sepa ration. This study may be student beneficial to the student to balance between their studies and the pain they faced/encounter. This study is significant to the researcher since it is an opportunity to develop skills in conducting research. For the future researcher, this study will serve basis for the conduct of future researcher. Specially, this study sought to answer the following questions: 1. How this situation/problem affects their studies, particularly in academic subjects? 2. What are the possible solutions to overcome this problem? This study was conducted to determine the effects of a broken family to the study of their children. The expected output of the study will be settlement of the effects of a broken family tto the studies of their children. This study takes only 10 students having the same problem/situation and focus onlt on the affects of a broken family to the studies of their children. The study will be conducted at University of Southern Mindanao (USM), North Cotabato from February to June 2013. Society = is the people who live in a country or region, their organizations, and their way of life. Essential = is extremely important or absolutely necessary to a particular subject, situation, or activity. Relationship = between two people or groups is the way in which they feel and behave towards each other.

Nature Strongly Influences Early Human Development Essay

Since biology was determined as a science there have always been argues about the question of whether nature or nurture influence is more important to early human development. Early human development includes the period between conceiving the fetus and till the first steps of infancy. Each arguing side has many supporting arguments and evidences, which bring a new â€Å"fuel† to this ever-burning flame. Although nurture’s influence on the newborns could not be underestimated, nature’s influence is stronger and more important to the early human development because of genes and some inevitable processes in development. As it is known, at the moment of conception a remarkable amount of personal characteristics are already determined by the genes. They decide sex, the color of eyes and human characteristics. These genetic determinants are expressed in development through the process of maturation. This evidence shows the role of nature is much higher than the role of nurture. Despite this view, many still consider nurture to be more influential to early human development due to conditions in uterine environment. However, such an argument could not deny the fact that early human development innately determined sequences of growth and change that a relatively independent on environmental events. The process of human’s fetus development within the mother’s body is strictly fixed by genetically programmed time schedule, and fetal behavior, such as kicking, also follows an orderly sequences that depends on the stage of growth. The process of maturation is also fixed by this schedule. One of the best examples of inevitability of these processes in development is disappearance of the reflexive head-turning response to the direction of the source of sound. The temporary disappearance of this reflex probably represents a maturational transition from a reflexive response controlled by sub cortical areas of the brain to a voluntary attempt to locate the sound source. (Hiller, Hewitt & Morrongiello, 1992; Ashmead et al. , 1991; Field, 1987). By four months, infants will reach the correct direction toward the source of sound in the dark; by six months, they show a marked increase in their responsiveness to sounds that accompanied by interesting sights and are able to pinpoint the location of sound more precisely, an ability that continues to improve into their second year (Hiller, Hewitt & Morrongiello, 1992; Ashmead et al., 1991; Field, 1987). Opponents argue that this genetically programmed schedule is depends on environmental influence and nurture. Study carried out by McGraw indicates that practice or extra stimulation can accelerate the appearance of motor behaviors to some extent, especially in a stepping reflex. However, this five-seven weeks difference on start of walking between stimulated and does not stimulated newborns just highlights the inevitability of development processes. In conclusion, it should be evident that the arguments which was given to support that nurture is more strongly influences early human development is not valid. On the contrary, many people involved to studying this issue say that genes contribute to strengthen of nature’s influence on early human development by inevitability of natural processes. Furthermore, extra stimulation is not so significantly important for development because the children may develop without it. Therefore, Nature strongly influences early human development than nurture.

Qualitative and Quantitative research on Commitment Essay

Qualitative and Quantitative research on Commitment - Essay Example WÐ µbÐ µr’s rÐ µport has also analyzÐ µd thÐ µsÐ µ prÐ µsÐ µntÐ µd issuÐ µs in thÐ µ Ð µxtant litÐ µraturÐ µ and can makÐ µ thÐ µ gÐ µnÐ µral rÐ µcommÐ µndation that lÐ µadÐ µrs pay attÐ µntion to individuatÐ µd circumstancÐ µs of thÐ µ organization and Ð µmployÐ µÃ µ whÐ µn instating nÐ µw commitmÐ µnt programs. ManagÐ µrs must â€Å"dÐ µfinÐ µ an intÐ µrnational discoursÐ µ whÐ µrÐ µ 'bottom-up', 'humancÐ µntrÐ µd' and communicativÐ µ dimÐ µnsions — as wÐ µll as thÐ µ innovativÐ µ activitiÐ µs — of HR undÐ µrstanding dÐ µfinÐ µ an opÐ µn spacÐ µ that may Ð µithÐ µr dÐ µvÐ µlop into an acadÐ µmic Ð µntÐ µrprisÐ µ or dÐ µtÐ µrioratÐ µ and minglÐ µ with thÐ µ innumÐ µrablÐ µ currÐ µnt attÐ µmpts to mÐ µÃ µt with thÐ µ dÐ µmands of work and organisational Ð µvÐ µryday lifÐ µÃ¢â‚¬  (WÐ µbÐ µr, 2005). Gabris’ morÐ µ sciÐ µntific study Ð µspÐ µcially appliÐ µs to workÐ µrs who arÐ µ askÐ µd to pÐ µrform rÐ µpÐ µtitivÐ µ tasks, doing thÐ µ samÐ µ Ð µxact thing timÐ µ and again Ð µvÐ µn though it makÐ µs no sÐ µnsÐ µ, but it also works in high strÐ µss and high Ð µmotion jobs such as policÐ µ officÐ µrs and flight attÐ µndants. ... alitativÐ µ and quantitativÐ µ rÐ µsÐ µarch dÐ µsigns and sampling plans can Ð µxist togÐ µthÐ µr and thÐ µrÐ µ doÐ µs not rÐ µally havÐ µ to bÐ µ onÐ µ that is bÐ µttÐ µr than thÐ µ othÐ µr, gÐ µnÐ µrally. SomÐ µtimÐ µs thÐ µsÐ µ dÐ µsigns arÐ µ Ð µvÐ µn usÐ µd within thÐ µ samÐ µ study, but this was not thÐ µ casÐ µ with thÐ µ articlÐ µs: Gabris stuck to a quantitativÐ µ study, and WÐ µbÐ µr’s was qualitativÐ µ. â€Å"BiasÐ µs may Ð µxit in thÐ µ sÐ µlÐ µction of samplÐ µ Ð µlÐ µmÐ µnts within a givÐ µn cÐ µll Ð µvÐ µn though its proportion of thÐ µ population is accuratÐ µly Ð µstimatÐ µd†¦ attÐ µmpts havÐ µ bÐ µÃ µn madÐ µ to combinÐ µ probability and quota sampling tÐ µchniquÐ µs, but thÐ µ Ð µffÐ µctivÐ µnÐ µss of this Ð µffort rÐ µmains to bÐ µ sÐ µÃ µn† (Robson, 2003). It is possiblÐ µ to crÐ µatÐ µ somÐ µthing that may includÐ µ scalÐ µs of attitudÐ µs and bÐ µliÐ µf as wÐ µll. ComparativÐ µ assÐ µssmÐ µnt It has bÐ µÃ µn dÐ µmonstratÐ µd in Gabris’ study that collÐ µctivÐ µ dÐ µcisions arÐ µ morÐ µ Ð µffÐ µctivÐ µ in implÐ µmÐ µntation than individual dÐ µcisions. This is anothÐ µr bÐ µnÐ µfit of making crÐ µativÐ µ dÐ µcisions in Ð µmployÐ µÃ µ commitmÐ µnt through utilizing tÐ µamwork. YÐ µt anothÐ µr bÐ µnÐ µfit shown in this study is that thÐ µ unity that binds thÐ µ group togÐ µthÐ µr will furthÐ µr idÐ µas of Ð µqual participation. ThÐ µrÐ µ arÐ µ plÐ µnty of pÐ µoplÐ µ who arÐ µ contÐ µnt to bÐ µ a tÐ µam mÐ µmbÐ µr, but Ð µffÐ µctivÐ µ lÐ µadÐ µrship and Ð µffÐ µctivÐ µ tÐ µamwork pattÐ µrns can hÐ µlp Ð µnsurÐ µ that Ð µvÐ µryonÐ µ involvÐ µs bÐ µcomÐ µs a rÐ µal tÐ µam playÐ µr. SpÐ µcifically, thÐ µ managÐ µr of Ð µmployÐ µÃ µs wanting grÐ µatÐ µr lÐ µvÐ µls of motivation can Ð µncouragÐ µ this sort of tÐ µam approach, whÐ µrÐ µ sharing is impà  µrativÐ µ. OvÐ µrall thÐ µrÐ µ arÐ µ many diffÐ µrÐ µnt facÐ µts of mÐ µthodology that can bÐ µ appliÐ µd to an Ð µxpÐ µrimÐ µntal dÐ µsign. This is a gÐ µnÐ µralization that can bÐ µ madÐ µ

Narratine jobsite Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Narratine jobsite - Essay Example When I made it clear she would be working in a 'man's world' (which wouldn't be easy), she didn't hesitate with her answer: "I can handle anything you toss my way." Roy, on the other hand, made her first three weeks as uncomfortable as he could, which translated to considerable discomfort for me as well. Roy was an imposing biker-type at six feet, two inches and 265 pounds, tough and knowledgeable enough to manage forty construction workers. Rachel, on the other hand, stood five-feet, four inches at maybe a hundred pounds dripping wet. I had to mediate between them several times. Roy withheld documentation, schedules, and material requests from Rachel. If she needed something, he made her ask for it. I was well aware of what was happening. The tension between the two was palpable, and I knew a confrontation was imminent. She would need to stand up to him soon-I knew her time with us would be over if she did not. Once, on her second week on the job, Rachel and I were inspecting the jobsite. I could see Roy was up to something again. He was rallying the troops, visiting each group of workers and making a few comments at which they all would dutifully direct meaningful glances at her. I began to think today might be Rachel's last on the job. She walked beside me, asking questions, taking notes, appearing not to have noticed. We completed our inspection and called every... Rachel answered each one to everyone's satisfaction, including mine. I could see Roy was uneasy, but Rachel had proven her competence, so I thought that would be the end of it. That was not to be. The meeting was about to end. "Where are my fire dampers" Roy piped in. "If they're not here, I'll be sending half the crew home tomorrow." The fire dampers were a priority item, without which the job would come to a halt. The person who knew this best was Roy. It was a cheap shot. He had made several requests for their delivery before Rachel had become project manager. The fire dampers had been the responsibility of Rachel's predecessor. Rachel would have needed to order the fire dampers ten days earlier to get the fire dampers to the site the next day. Roy had deliberately withheld the lack of the fire dampers to himself, with the intention of attacking Rachel. I had underestimated Roy's determination. He allowed his personal prejudice to put the job and the company at risk. The faces in the room were a mixture of blank stares and stunned disbelief. The men knew how serious the situation was. There would be emergency meetings, phone calls, and some hefty fines for delaying the job. I was furious. As I stood to protest, Rachel placed her hand on my arm, shot me a glance, and strode to the front. There was a look of defiance on her face. In a very measured tone she indicated, "The dampers are in my truck." All of us were dumbfounded. How had she pulled this off She spent the next ten minutes reading Roy the riot act. She had compiled a list of every mistake he had made in the last year. Roy himself had provided access to them. She concluded by letting Roy know who was in charge. "If you can put your petty differences aside, be

Ku Klux Klan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ku Klux Klan - Research Paper Example The original name of the club was from the Greek word Kuklos meaning ‘for circle and cycle are formed’. The confederates later modified the word to Kuklux adding the word clan at the end since all the founders were of Scottish descent. Kuklux Clan became the name of the organization, later it was divided into three words and a ‘K’ used for each word. The name therefore changed to Ku Klux Klan. There are other suggestions about the origin of the name. Romine states that members of the Klan could have become familiar with the mythology of the ‘God of Light’ who was called Cukulcan since many volunteer troops went to the Mexican War from Tennessee and members of the early Klan sometimes called themselves the sons of light(Quarles 32). Another story told that the name did not come from a Greek word meaning circle but from the two phased cocking sound of a shotgun. Many different stories have been told and written creating mystery about the organizat ion which later came to be known as the ‘Invisible Empire’. The six former confederate members met in the law office of Judge Thomas M. Jones located eighty miles south of Nashville in Pulaski, south central Tennessee. One of the town’s prewar buildings has a plaque marking the occasion. The Klan is an American institution though it has been exported to other lands by racists. The formation of the club was not a major historical event; the group was informally constituted during the first meeting. Directing and planning of the Klan activities began later as further meetings developed goals and objectives, leadership titles were chosen and organizational rules instituted (Quarles 30). All evidence supports the fact that the founding of the Klan was innocent with no ulterior motive or effect. Many scholars also believe that the beginning was innocent; this is because of the tricks that the early Klansmen performed. The first noted activity of the Klan was that it was a brotherly association. Some members used childish methods of pursuing victims. The original purpose of the young confederate veterans was to scare black adults and cause trouble as an amusing way of passing time in a southern society that was altered and a destroyed economy. Klansmen dressed in white sheets and covered their horsemen in the same way. The Ku Klux Klan members believed that racial integration and racial equality of society was a threat and could destroy the white race. The Klan opposed public policies that promote social and political equality for historically disadvantaged groups like the blacks through antidiscrimination laws and affirmative action. Their beliefs were that the nature of mankind is unequal therefore hierarchical. Ku Klux Klan members described themselves as white Protestant Christians. Their primary objection was initially against blacks’ freedom and extension of rights to include blacks. This was after slavery in the United States was brought to an end. In terms of their strength in the political history of th e United States, the Klan has had three specific periods. The first Klan blossomed in the South in

Team Turmoil Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Team Turmoil Analysis - Essay Example Another challenge was lack of proper team co-ordination, majorly characterized by lack of direction in the manner activities are conducted in the team works for instance procedures of communication. In addition, poor inter-personal skills were a challenge to the effective team work in the group. This was majorly characterized by poor communication skills among the team members seen by instances of interruption of some team members as they expressed their ideas. This could have been attributed by the fact that was no universal team leader who could offer directions regarding how each member expresses his ideas. Alternatives The first alternative that could be applied to solve the issues identified is encouraging each team member to respect the opinions of others. This is imperative owing to the fact that it reduces conflicts that may occur when one is not provided with an opportunity to air his/her ideas. However, this could also create setbacks at some points owing to the fact that group member maybe compelled to accept ideas that are not accurate or invalid. Additionally, team members should communicate their ideas freely; however, this can only be encouraged by a condusive environment. Dereley and Onyielisi did not speak their ideas freely and only kept shrugging at some points; this is not appropriate as it allow other group members to know what others think of their ideas. The major challenge with this alternative is that in some cases, team members may express ideas that are out of the discussion topic.

American Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Culture - Essay Example Many of them were graduates of Cambridge University, and they became Anglican priests to make changes in their local churches. They encouraged direct personal religious experience, sincere moral conduct, and simple worship services. Worship was the area in which Puritans tried to change things most; their efforts in that direction were sustained by intense theological convictions and definite expectations about how seriously Christianity should be taken as the focus of human existence. After James I became king of England in 1603, Puritan leaders asked him to grant several reforms, of which, mostly are rejected and the repressive attitude of Archbishop William Laud caused most of the Puritans to emigrate. Those who remained formed a powerful element within the parliamentarian party that defeated Charles I in the English Civil War. After the war the Puritans remained dominant in England and during the whole colonial period Puritanism had direct impact on both religious thought and cultural patterns in America. In the 19th century its influence was indirect, but it can still be seen at work stressing the importance of education in religious leadership and demanding that religious motivations be tested by applying them to practical situations. Often in society people are criticized, punished and despis

Business statistic Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business statistic - Article Example The political unrest in the Middle East, the earthquake in Japan, and the weak housing market are some of the factors that contributed to the decline in economic growth during the first quarter. Coming from a 3.1% growth in fourth quarter of 2010, the first quarter growth rate of gross domestic product declined at 2.7%. Economists, however, maintain a positive outlook on economic recovery. The unemployment rate which currently stands at 8.8% is predicted to fall to 8.3% on December 2011. This decline in unemployment is attributed to the 200,000 jobs which economists believe will be offered by the government next year. More jobs extend purchasing power that’s why consumer prices are also expected to rise at the end of 2011. Economists predict the inflation rate to register at 2.8% by year-end. The price per barrel of oil, in addition, is estimated to fall under 100 dollars. Interest rate, meanwhile, is forecasted to increase by the end of 2011. Economists point to decreasing unemployment rate and increasing inflation rate as factors that would likely cause the Federal Reserve to increase interest

Media Analysis on Simon Dalby’s Challenging Carboniferous Capitalism Essay Example for Free

Media Analysis on Simon Dalby’s Challenging Carboniferous Capitalism Essay The main concept expressed in Simon Dalby’s Challenging Carboniferous Capitalism is about capitalist economics. It stated the different issues and concerns related to how capitalist economics work. The article expressed the relevance of knowing the connection of the current situation of the environment to the different decisions made in the political economy that could lead to social change. Describing the process of how capitalist economics works, one can see definite manifestations of the improper distribution of resources that is now also slowly depleting despite the growing demand. The scope of the problem is also sufficiently explained making one able to picture a world that will later lead to distraction if not given due attention soon. The article greatly gave emphasis to the environmental problems and catastrophes resulted from political movement that is basing nominal figures of growth rather than understanding nature and its role in every people’s lives. It is greatly connected to the issue of consumerism. The article is putting forward what consumerism has done to our environment and to people that are economically or financially challenged. It is magnifying on the inequality present because of selfishness and greed. According to Anup Shah’s article Consumption and Consumerism, the impacts of consumerism both positive and negative are very significant to all aspects of people’s lives and the planet. He specifically pointed out the imbalance of the distribution of benefits to people. As a capitalist economy is fed by consumerism, both these concepts are seen together in the picture. Dalby cited different developments in how environmentalists today assert their cause in saving mother Earth. He also mentioned the nasty ways people try to meet with the growing demand for material needs both necessity and luxury, the benefit of reducing consumerism and seeing the value of one’s action as it affects everyone. In the whole, Dalby expressed abhorrence to the reality today that to instill the value of life to people one is to base their arguments to highly technical matters as trading quotas and industrial standards just to make corporations understand that they are trying to destroy the environment in making money. The highlighted issue in Dalby’s article greatly pictures the situation of our times today, known and unknown to many. It is known because there have been many environmental catastrophes happening for the past ten years such as the hurricane Katrina, the tsunami in Thailand, the storm Ondoy in the Philippines, and many others. But it is unknown still to many because people never see consumerism and a capitalist economic system are one of the culprits to these disasters. As mentioned, the Kyoto Protocol and other climate change negotiations have failed to encourage all nations to act on their part in saving mother Earth. One of them was China which is now reported as the second largest economic power passing Japan (The New York Times, 16 Aug 2010). In the article, it was said that China â€Å"is reluctant to play a greater role in the debate over climate change or how to slow the growth of greenhouse gases,† though they are currently instilling an ambitious program to cut energy it uses on economic output by 20 percent by the end of 2010. This initiative is yet to be seen. The concept, capitalist economy as discussed in Challenging Carboniferous Capitalism is not really defining much of the top players in the issue which I believe is the capitalists. It greatly centered on the effects of capitalist economy to what people value best in life—which is now more on materialism. Because of the author’s emphasis, he connected other concepts as consumerism and materialism to further his explanation. The point that is seen relevant starting with this concept is on how the policy making of government and institutions are influenced by capitalist economic system because the money is there and the capitalists are the ones seen in the spotlight when talking about a country’s economic standing. The concept can not put directly into account the individuals, which are the consumers that support it. The question that one can raise in putting this concept affront in this article is that, why not directly mention the capitalists need to see the value of life rather than directing to the consumers? Bibliography http://finance. yahoo. com/news/China-Passes-Japan-as-nytimes-2766831302. html? x=0. v=1 China passes Japan as second-largest economy, 2010. 16 Aug 2010. 16 Aug 2010. Shah, Anup. â€Å"Consumption and Consumerism. † http://www. globalissues. org/issue/235/consumption-and-consumerism. Global issues, 03 September 2008. 16 August 2010,

Catering and Marketing Essay Example for Free

Catering and Marketing Essay To perform successfully, a catering service must be market-oriented and should apply the marketing concept, which is derived from the assumption that a product should be capable of meeting the needs of consumers, foremost, through its quality. To fully meet the needs and wants of costumers on the one hand, and to accomplish its business goals on the other hand, a catering business needs to combine the elements of the marketing mix in order to be as successful as possible in selling its product on the market. Guest satisfaction must be ensured. I. INTRODUCTION â€Å"Marketing is not only much broader than selling; it is not a specialized activity at all. It encompasses the entire business. It is the whole business seen from the point of view of the final result, that is, from the customer’s point of view. Concern and responsibility for marketing must therefore permeate all areas of the enterprise.† – Peter Drucker Food is an indispensable part of the human needs and wants that is always present in every circumstance. It is a usual unison that people have in an event which covers a large number of people dining and feasting meaning a reason for the essence of catering services. Catering services is one of the most dynamic business groups in the food and beverage industry. By industry definition, catering is the planned service of food and beverages – in contrast to restaurants, where food and beverages are generally served on demand. The opportunity for catering services to provide planned food and beverages is far greater than it is for restaurants. While restaurants are business units that serve the general public within their operating facilities, catering services, for the most part, can be provided in any venue, public or private. Unlimited types of settings, both indoors and out, are used for catering functions. The number of people who can be served at a catering function range from one to many, many more – often totalling in the thousands. For a service organization such as catering to acquire customers, it is important that marketing strategies be deployed to improve its own ability to compete with other catering services gain a competitive advantage and thus retain a greater number of customers. Marketing is an important aspect of every catering operation. As customer demands increase for catering-related services, corresponding marketing efforts must be developed. Catering business can live and die by the strength of their marketing efforts, particularly in areas with high levels of competition. An effective marketing plan can lead to the growth of your customer base, larger catering jobs, and increased profits. As consumers grow increasingly, the role of advertising and publicity become the primary vehicles for information about food and service. Definition of Terms Marketing. It is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging oï ¬â‚¬erings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. Strategy. It is the direction and scope of an organization over the long-term: which achieves advantage for the organization through its configuration of resources within a challenging environment, to meet the needs of markets and to fulfil stakeholder expectations. Catering. The activity of providing food and beverage for events. Marketing Mix. A planned mix of the controllable elements of a products marketing plan commonly termed as 4Ps: product, price, place, and promotion. Product. Represents a set of tangible and intangible elements used to satisfy the needs and wants of consumers. Promotion. The publicization of a product to increase sales or public awareness Price. A value that will purchase a finite quantity of a product or service. Product Distribution. It is the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by a consumer. Scope and Delimitation of the Study This study is conducted specifically on eleven (11) Catering Services in the locality of Bataan. Specifically the eleven (11) catering services are as follows: 1. Tony and Ann Catering Services – located in Balanga City 2. Mommy-Tah’s Catering – located in Orion 3. Petrius Resto and Bar Catering – located in Balanga City 4. Goldiluz Catering – located in Balanga City 5. Ysiad’s Catering located in Balanga City 6. Cora’s Catering located in Orion 7. Junifred Catering Service and Accessories- located in Orani 8. Cj’s Catering Services – located in Dinalupihan 9. Mattro Catering Services- located in Hermosa 10. Gourmet Catering and Flower Shop- located in Orani 11. Know- Well Catering Services- located in Abucay The eleven (11) Catering Services were subjected to survey questionnaire. One catering services at a time. Furthermore, this study was limited to finding only the effectiveness of the marketing strategies used by the different catering services. Statement of the Problem The main purpose of this study was to find out the effectiveness of marketing strategies used by different catering services in the locality of Bataan. Specifically, the study sought to answer the following questions. 1. Is there a significant relationship between the location of the business and its marketing strategies? 2. Is there a significant relationship between the number of years of the business and its marketing strategies? Significance of the Study A study such as this enabled the different catering services in the locale to see if their marketing strategies were effective to increase their income. Furthermore, this is also important to all the catering services for this will help them in the promotion of their services using different marketing strategies. With the use of various marketing strategies, catering services may lead to higher income. Moreover, the useful and relevant information acquired from this study may help future researchers in the same field of study. This study will further help the catering services to develop more effective marketing strategies. Related Literature According to Scanlon (2007), the marketing mix includes the marketing strategy elements and may be conducted either as an alternative to the marketing cycle or as a continuing activity in the market process. The marketing mix incorporates the four basic elements into the overall strategy of marketing a product or service. The four basic elements consist of: †¢ a product (product) †¢ the price of the product (price) †¢ the promotion of the product, and (promotion) †¢ the distribution of the product. (place) The product. This is the primary element of the marketing mix, with the other elements adjusting to it depending on the given situation. The product represents a set of tangible and intangible elements used to satisfy the needs and wants of consumers. The product has all the attributes of a service, and it is designated for the market. What is a service, and which are the attributes of a product as a service? A service represents the result of the interaction of three basic elements: the user (guest), equipment (facility), and the service staff (staff). This result should meet the needs of guests (for example, wedding reception). The process of building a service brand is vital to the product as a service. Becoming distinctive in the marketplace and building a brand helps to gain the trust of guests. Product price. The pricing should be based on three key elements: †¢ service demand, †¢ costs incurred in creating services, and †¢ comparing and adjusting prices to those of rivals on the market. Some potential customers are more sensitive to prices than others. For some, price is the single variable on which they base their decision to buy (or not to buy) a product, while others care nothing for the price, as long as it guarantees the quality of services provided. Hence, businesses need to be elastic in pricing. They must carefully monitor the reactions of customers to prices and, accordingly, adjust or change prices depending upon demand. Costs clearly influence the price of a product, and they determine the bottom price below which a business will begin to loss money. Prices should not, however, be overly cost-oriented, and they should not be increased to cover costs. Instead, they should be based on demand and adjusted to changes on the market. Rivals also play an important role in pricing. A business will often be compelled to change its pricing policy as a result of changes in the prices of rivals. Considering how fierce competition is today, it must be analyzed and mon itored. This means that prices, once fixed, cannot be allowed to remain unchanged, but rather, their adjustment to change should be taken as a sign of their flexibility. Product promotion. To promote a product, the business communicates with the market of demand. The market of demand comprises potential customers, various business organisations and organisations belonging to non-economic branches, and media. In promoting a product, a variety of promotional methods are used to present the product to potential customers and attract their attention. Considering the growing number of promotional methods available today in promoting a product, businesses choose to use a combination of promotional elements.

Air Pollution In Trinidad And Tobago Environmental Sciences Essay

Air Pollution In Trinidad And Tobago Environmental Sciences Essay The contamination of the atmosphere by any toxic or radioactive gases and particulate matter as a result of human activity defines air pollution. (EMA State of the Environment Report 2000) Over the years Trinidad and Tobago has focus on industrialization developing several industrial estates but greater focus was made to the energy sectors. They current have three major energy based industrial sites. The Point Lisas industrial estate, Point a Pierre petroleum refinery and Liquefied Natural Gas plant (LNG) located in Point Fortin. Trinidad and Tobago is considered to be one of the most industrialized countries in the Commonwealth Caribbean region. We have been blessed with a vast array of natural resources ranging from oil, natural gas and asphalt to manufactured petrochemicals. Despite the fact that oil production and refining is one of our main industry, petrochemicals and to a lesser extent steel plays great importance in the company economic growth. Trinidad Tobago is worlds leading exporter of both methanol and ammonia, currently they supply the largest source of LNG is exported to the United States. Early views and realization of Air Pollution To the general public air pollution was considered to be chemical emissions and that suspension and secondary pollutants will just dissipate with the aid of the wind and rain. As the country moves into a second wave of industrialization with several proposed plans of building the next economic hotspot in the Caribbean (Invest in TT Downstream Energy), concerns has been made toward the quality of air what we live and breathe. It was only years later when technology began to play an important part in analyzing pollutants and air quality that it was realized that air pollution was just as important as water pollution. The industrial sector in Trinidad Tobago is one of the most dynamitic in the Caribbean and this is reflected in the diverse nature of its pollutants. Table 1 illustrates the numerous industry classes, commodities produced, production process and resulting in air pollutants. Map 1: Existing Proposed Energy Base Industrial Estates in Trinidad Table 1: Industry in Trinidad Tobago and air emission they emit INDUSTRY PRODUCTS SOURCES AIR POLLUTANT Petrochemical Menthol, ammonia, urea, ethanol, liquefied natural gas Fossil fuel processing, industrial processes Carbon Dioxide, Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, Carbon Monoxide Manufacturing Metals, cements, consumer products Manufacturing and extraction process, stock piling of raw materials, fossil fuel burning Carbon Dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter PM (soot, dust, asbestos fibers, pesticides and metals). Volatile Organic Carbon (VOC) Transportation vehicles Incomplete combustion Carbon Monoxide, particulate matter Petroleum Refineries Refined oil, oil base products and sulfur /acids production Fossil fuel burning, extraction process, transportation process, storage process, Carbon Dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, methane, particulate matter (soot, dust, asbestos fibers, pesticides and metals) Agriculture Animal waste, plant waste Animal waste disposal/processing, rice paddies and wetlands, plant metabolism, land clearing Methane, Carbon monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, particulate matter (dust), VOC Electrical Power generation Electricity Fossil fuel burning, Particulate matters, Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, VOC Mining Quarrying Aggregate Blasting, mining, washing, extraction process Suspended Particulates Matters (SPM); Total suspended particles (TSP); Particulate matters. Wholesale and Retail All consumer products Service station operations, truck filling stations VOC Locations of Main Industrial Sectors With industrialization comes a need for people to benefit with the high level of employment in these areas. The demographic transition cycle in Trinidad and Tobago is fairly predictive with many of the populated areas following the same paths along the industrialized map. (Map 2)In the initial stages of industrial development focus was made on establishing industries in sparsely populated areas. The intention was also to take advantage of the favorable wind direction which would direct most of the air pollutant west ward over (for the most part) approximately 5 miles of uninhabited land space and then to the Gulf, with the intension that the vegetation would be affected in a minor way during the dry season and would be assisted by run off during the rainy season. This idea inadvertently leads to another pollution problem. This proved to be a short term imitative, as these areas soon became an attractive alternative to the long commute thus encouraging the establishment of make- shift villages and shanty towns. This was also fueled by the fact that the southern and eastern main road were in close proximity to these estates. Over time these villages soon became establish resistances acquiring basic utilities and official mailing addresses. The industries were now faced with a new obstacle. They now had to focus their attention to both the environment and the neighboring population. Table 2 identifies the main industrial pollutants found in Trinidad and Tobago and its effects on both the environment and humans. Map 2: Industries and major roadways Table 2: Main Industrial Pollutants and their Adverse Health and Environment Effects POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON HUMANS EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT Carbon Monoxide- CO It is absorbed through the lungs reducing the bloods capacity to transport available oxygen to the tissues. Depending on the exposure level it produces flu like symptoms usually not recognized and may results in death There is minimum effect on the environment. Sulphur Dioxides SO2 Depending on the exposure level it can cause: cause wheezing, chest tightness and shortness of breath, respiratory illness, alterations in the lungs, it aggravates existing cardiovascular disease. When SO2 combines with water, it forms sulfuric acid, which is the main component of acid rain. When acid rain falls it can cause deforestation, acidify waterways to the detriment of aquatic life. It also corrodes building materials. Acid rain changes the physical appearance of vegetation plants metabolism impaired Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)/Oxides of Nitrogen NOx At low levels it has minimum or no effects on human health. However high levels NO2 can cause respiratory problem, increase a persons susceptibility to, and severity of infections and asthma. It can also affect the sensory system. It is harmful to vegetation, can fade and discolor fabrics, reduce visibility. Vegetation exposure to high levels of NOx can be identified by damage to foliage, decreased growth or reduced crop yield. Volatile Organic Carbon -VOC There are no general health effects of VOC because other gases make up VOCs however some gases may be toxic and/or carcinogen. Levels of exposure and time exposed can cause damage to the liver, kidney and central nervous system. It is known to cause cancer in animals. Suspended Particulates Matters (SPM); Total suspended particles (TSP); Particulate matters. Health effects on SPM in humans depend on the particle size and concentration can cause long term exposure increases the rates of respiratory illness and symptoms. Particulates can accelerate deterioration of surface and material. It has the potential to cause modification of the climate and contributes to acid deposition. Control Strategies Physical, Managerial and Legislative to Air Pollution The visionaries of the early industries focus little on health safety and the environment and this was reflected in the level of controls initiated by the industries. Controls were mainly one dimensional and fail to focus on the holistic views of health safety and environment. Public opinion and outburst resulting from the increasing number of medical complaints and the decrease quality of agriculture produce with allegations pointing towards the emission from these industries, prompted management to use technology to assist in the establishment of more stringent controls. This technology was also instrumental in pinpointing the actual adverse effects as a result of these emissions. Physical Controls The physical control represents the processes responsible for acquisition of raw material, storage, manufacturing and distribution processes. Use of Suppression Techniques The numerous pollutants that emit daily, through smokestacks petrochemical and petroleum industries together with major health effects, force industries to reduce the pollutant at the source. One of the proven ways of reducing these pollutants is installing scrubbers and in other cases bagging houses in the emission system. The use of end -of- pipe technology is being adapted by some industries, it is used to remove already formed contaminants in the air however it is proven to be very expensive and many industries internationally would rather pay the fines for higher emission levels than use this technique. In other words it is regarded as the less of two evils. These techniques force industries to adopt generic prevention strategies and solutions, only resorting to the more expensive techniques when face with dire consequences. Environmental Friendly Process With increasing pressure from environmental activists calling for industries to be more sensitive towards the environment, many industries have restructured their processes whereby recycling waste material as a new raw material to produce a second product. This process has been adapted by Methanol Holding Trinidad Limited (MHTL) were they have constructed an AUM plant. This plant is the first of its kind in Trinidad and Tobago being the most environmental friendly of the MHTL family. This plant comprises a diversified petrochemical complex to manufacture Urea Ammonia Nitrate (UAN) and Melamine using feedstock from integrated urea and ammonia plants. (MHTL) The local cement factory adopted several controls strategies to deal with the air pollution problem within its manufacturing process. A change from blasting to stripping of the main raw material (limestone) aided in the reduction of dust emissions that was affecting the neighboring community at their quarrying central Trinidad. The transportation of the limestone was also change from dry to wet thus also reducing the potential dust particles entering the atmosphere during transportation from quarrying to the process plant. At the out skirts of the processing plant itself major landscaping was done to create hills around the factory adorned by buffer trees with sole intension is to reduce the level of dust exposure to the neighboring community. Managerial Controls Self Regulation These controls consist of policies, systems and standards that govern and manage the organization. The establishments of the Key Performance Indicators (KPI) help management keep focus in order to sustain established targets. Company policies and procedures acts as guidelines to maintain order and structure within the organization. The introduction of ISO standards advertises the companys procedures to the industrial world thus ensuring that whatever measures initially introduced are sustained by the certification audits conducted annually by an international process auditors. Legislative Controls Currently in TT there is no legislation that refers directly to controlling of air pollutant emitted by industries. This is merely due to the fact that early monitoring system generally focus on water and land pollution the understanding of air pollution did not produce tangible evident because of technological short falls. The existing legislation addresses non specific air pollutants like the Petroleum Act (rev. 1980) section 29 (1) (j) prevention of air pollution and the Public health ordinance (1950), section 70 (1) (m) prohibits blacks smoke from chimneys. Even though the EMA was establish and is the countrys sole environmental body responsible for managing, regulating and coordinating environmental matters. The EMA has only managed to draft the Air Pollution Rules 2001 however to date 2010 these rules have not been made law. Trinidad and Tobago being a member of the Commonwealth and the United Nations has benefited from the research and technological advancement from these more developed countries (MDC). Initiatives such as the Montreal Protocol (1989 the control of CFCs) and the Kyoto Protocol (1997 the reduction of Greenhouse Gases) assisted the legislative process of TT by association. The only way legislative was establish was by piggy backing on the achievement of the more developed countries it seems that this was the only way the law maker could have had any impact on defaulters of air pollution in Trinidad. Only when legislation is pass the country can benefit from some effective control measures where polluters are prosecuted and emission limits are set for all industries. Conclusion Trinidad and Tobago historically is a nation of followers there have been very few instances where we were not promoted or assisted in some way or the other in achieving established goals and the topic of pollution is no exception. Have we ever wonder why the one establish air pollution laws stems from a diplomatic relations within the commonwealth and the United Nations or why we had to wait until the advent of OSHA to enforce existing safety laws in our country. The answer is simple we are still waiting to follow no wonder legislation spear headed by locals are treated with scan courtesy. Had these laws been establish in some first world convention they would have been rooted in the seams of our judicial system years ago? Many of the existing pollution laws governing the more develop countries were mainly as a result of international pressure, sadly Trinidad and Tobago is not view as a major polluting nation because of its geographical location and size. Evidence of pollution aware ness is mainly seen in the new establish manufacturing countries whose parent companies originate overseas. It is only amongst of fellow less develops countries and Caribbean members that Trinidad and Tobago is recognize as a polluting nation sadly these countries have little impact on global view. Despite our shortcomings, internally there has been an intensified effort to effectively monitor record, control and enforce pollution reducing systems and strategies. Internationally the over site of Trinidad and Tobago (a country that can easily fit into the Orinoco River with a population that barely exceeds large town in the United States) has not deterred local efforts to manage the levels of air emissions.

Coal Mining and Its Impacts Essay -- Coal Dangers Mines Essays Papers

Coal Mining and Its Impacts Coal is a hard, black colored rock-like substance. It is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and varying amount of sulphur. Coal was form as decomposition took place in the absence of oxygen and much of the hydrogen content of the matter was eroded away, leaving a material rich in carbon. The material was compressed over the years by sand and dirt, leaving the form of a carbon known as coal. The different types of coals are Anthracite, bituminous, lignite, peat, coke, and charcoal. Coal is mined out of the ground and used to produce energy. However, they are many deaths, injuries, and sickness involved in mining coal. The earliest known use of coal was in China. Coal from the Fun-Shun mine in northeastern China may have been used to smelt copper as early as 3,000 years ago. Since then there have been several deaths and injuries in mining coal. â€Å"In 1966, an unstable waste tip from the Merthyr Vale mine in Wales released an avalanche of sludge over the village of Aberfan, engulfing not only houses but the primary school, killing 114 children†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). In Britain in the mid-nineteenth century it was estimated that one in every miners would face a fatal accident before completing their mining career. â€Å"1913 saw Britain’s worst mining disaster, with 439 miners killed in an explosion at the Senghenydd mine in Walse†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). It is important to note that the work of a coal miner is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world. The life expectancy of a miner is very low. Mining coal involves going underground to remove coal on to conveyor belts. The deeper the miners go the higher the potential for a disaster becomes.... ...use surface mining which uses machine instead of people to extract coal. The coal companies could provide incentive to workers that suffer from pneumoconiosis. Protective clothing and face mask could also be enhancing to ensure workers safety in coal mining. With government policies and public support the fatalities involved with mining coal could decrease within the next few years. Reference Page Boyle, G., Everett, B. & Ramage, .J. (2003) Energy System and sustainability. United Kingdom: Open University Energy Matters(2003) Energy Matters: Fossil Fuels-coal. Retrieved February, 8, 2007. From http://library. Thinkquest.org Zou CQ, Gao Y, Ma Y. (1997). Pneumoconiosis in China: Asian-Pacific News Letter on Occupational Health and Safety. Retrieved February, 8, 2007, From http://www. China/pneumoconiosis.org Coal Mining and Its Impacts Essay -- Coal Dangers Mines Essays Papers Coal Mining and Its Impacts Coal is a hard, black colored rock-like substance. It is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and varying amount of sulphur. Coal was form as decomposition took place in the absence of oxygen and much of the hydrogen content of the matter was eroded away, leaving a material rich in carbon. The material was compressed over the years by sand and dirt, leaving the form of a carbon known as coal. The different types of coals are Anthracite, bituminous, lignite, peat, coke, and charcoal. Coal is mined out of the ground and used to produce energy. However, they are many deaths, injuries, and sickness involved in mining coal. The earliest known use of coal was in China. Coal from the Fun-Shun mine in northeastern China may have been used to smelt copper as early as 3,000 years ago. Since then there have been several deaths and injuries in mining coal. â€Å"In 1966, an unstable waste tip from the Merthyr Vale mine in Wales released an avalanche of sludge over the village of Aberfan, engulfing not only houses but the primary school, killing 114 children†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). In Britain in the mid-nineteenth century it was estimated that one in every miners would face a fatal accident before completing their mining career. â€Å"1913 saw Britain’s worst mining disaster, with 439 miners killed in an explosion at the Senghenydd mine in Walse†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). It is important to note that the work of a coal miner is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world. The life expectancy of a miner is very low. Mining coal involves going underground to remove coal on to conveyor belts. The deeper the miners go the higher the potential for a disaster becomes.... ...use surface mining which uses machine instead of people to extract coal. The coal companies could provide incentive to workers that suffer from pneumoconiosis. Protective clothing and face mask could also be enhancing to ensure workers safety in coal mining. With government policies and public support the fatalities involved with mining coal could decrease within the next few years. Reference Page Boyle, G., Everett, B. & Ramage, .J. (2003) Energy System and sustainability. United Kingdom: Open University Energy Matters(2003) Energy Matters: Fossil Fuels-coal. Retrieved February, 8, 2007. From http://library. Thinkquest.org Zou CQ, Gao Y, Ma Y. (1997). Pneumoconiosis in China: Asian-Pacific News Letter on Occupational Health and Safety. Retrieved February, 8, 2007, From http://www. China/pneumoconiosis.org Coal Mining and Its Impacts Essay -- Coal Dangers Mines Essays Papers Coal Mining and Its Impacts Coal is a hard, black colored rock-like substance. It is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and varying amount of sulphur. Coal was form as decomposition took place in the absence of oxygen and much of the hydrogen content of the matter was eroded away, leaving a material rich in carbon. The material was compressed over the years by sand and dirt, leaving the form of a carbon known as coal. The different types of coals are Anthracite, bituminous, lignite, peat, coke, and charcoal. Coal is mined out of the ground and used to produce energy. However, they are many deaths, injuries, and sickness involved in mining coal. The earliest known use of coal was in China. Coal from the Fun-Shun mine in northeastern China may have been used to smelt copper as early as 3,000 years ago. Since then there have been several deaths and injuries in mining coal. â€Å"In 1966, an unstable waste tip from the Merthyr Vale mine in Wales released an avalanche of sludge over the village of Aberfan, engulfing not only houses but the primary school, killing 114 children†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). In Britain in the mid-nineteenth century it was estimated that one in every miners would face a fatal accident before completing their mining career. â€Å"1913 saw Britain’s worst mining disaster, with 439 miners killed in an explosion at the Senghenydd mine in Walse†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). It is important to note that the work of a coal miner is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world. The life expectancy of a miner is very low. Mining coal involves going underground to remove coal on to conveyor belts. The deeper the miners go the higher the potential for a disaster becomes.... ...use surface mining which uses machine instead of people to extract coal. The coal companies could provide incentive to workers that suffer from pneumoconiosis. Protective clothing and face mask could also be enhancing to ensure workers safety in coal mining. With government policies and public support the fatalities involved with mining coal could decrease within the next few years. Reference Page Boyle, G., Everett, B. & Ramage, .J. (2003) Energy System and sustainability. United Kingdom: Open University Energy Matters(2003) Energy Matters: Fossil Fuels-coal. Retrieved February, 8, 2007. From http://library. Thinkquest.org Zou CQ, Gao Y, Ma Y. (1997). Pneumoconiosis in China: Asian-Pacific News Letter on Occupational Health and Safety. Retrieved February, 8, 2007, From http://www. China/pneumoconiosis.org

A Woman Who Is a Person in Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour Essay

A Woman Who Is a Person in The Story of an Hour  Ã‚     Ã‚   In her book, The Faces of Eve, Judith Fryer writes, "In the last year of the nineteenth century a woman succeeded where men had failed: Kate Chopin created . . . a woman who is a person." Chopin’s short story, "The Story of an Hour," openly portrays the true feelings of a woman who feels trapped inside her marriage. In the period in which she lived, there were only two alternatives for her to achieve the much desired personal freedom—either she or her husband must die! Chopin’s story was controversial from the beginning. It was rejected for publication by both Vogue and Century magazines as "a threat to family and home." Vogue later published the story only after another of Chopin’s stories did well publicly. "The Story of an Hour" begins with Louise Mallard being gently informed of her husband’s death in a train accident. Sister Josephine was careful not to upset Louise too greatly because of the latter’s heart trouble. Did Mrs. Mallard suffer from an actual physical ailment or an emotional, psychological trauma? I lean toward the second theory. Louise felt trapped inside her marriage—having no personal freedom—and the only way she could express this was through a physical illness. Mrs. Mallard weeps with "sudden, wild abandonment" and then disappears to be alone. Mrs. Mallard’s sister Josephine and Mr. Mallard’s friend Richards believe she needs to be alone in her grief. She retreats to a comfortable chair in front of an open window—a place the reader is led to believe she frequently spends time in. As physical exhaustion overtakes her, Mrs. Mallard can do nothing but gaze at the scenes taking place outside the window. Strangely, the things she sees are not ... ... or her husband? Now that Louise had tasted freedom, she could not bear the thought of returning to her dreary life. In the split second that she realized her husband was alive and any hope she had freedom was gone, Louise’s heart decided what must be done. He was alive, therefore she must die. Works Cited Ammons, Elizabeth. Conflicting Stories: American Women Writers at the Turn of the Twentieth Century. NY: Oxford UP, 1991. Chopin, Kate. "The Story of an Hour". Rediscoveries: American Short Stories by Women. 1832-1916. NY: Penguin, 1994. Fields, Veni. "Release". Ode to Friendship & Other Essays: Student Writing at VWC. Ed. Connie Bellamy, 1998. Fryer, Judith. The Faces of Eve. New York: Oxford UP, 1976. Jones, Anne Goodwyn. Tomorrow is Another Day: The Woman Write in the South. 1859-1936. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 1981.      

Wellness assessment

My overall state of my wellness wheel is pretty well. It was about half and half with my assessment. The lowest my average assessment went down to was a two. That was in the social area which is my weakest. My weakest areas are vocational, social, and Intellectual. I scored really low In social area because I don't get out much, I keep to myself and I am too busy Juggling sports, school and work. I really don't have much time for anything else. My strongest areas were physical, emotional, and spiritual.I was not surprised with the results of the assessment; I knew I wasn't going to score very high In the social area. In the emotional area I knew I was going to score high because If I did something wrong I wouldn't say someone else did It, I would own up to what I did and take responsibility for whatever I did wrong. The reason for this Is the more you lie about something the more It will come back and bite you In the butt harder than Just saying something In the beginning. My emotion al well-being right owe is pretty good.I accept all opinions even if I don't agree with it. I listen to everyone around me because someone may just want someone to listen to what they have to say and get whatever it is off their shoulders. I however, sometimes have a hard time opening up to people because if I do they might think the wrong thing. My stress level is very high right now because of certain twists and turns my life has taken. The major stresses in my life would be family issues and relationships, finances, work and school.These things take a major part in my stress level. The first two are the major impacts right now. I relieve stress by working out, or working. There isn't really anything to manage my stress right now. In a year or less my stress level will go down hopefully. I am managing my stress level very well from what everyone tells me. Wellness assessment By movement and intellectual. I scored really low in social area because I don't get out much, I keep to my self and I am too busy Juggling sports, school and work.I really don't have much very high in the social area. In the emotional area I knew I was going to score high because if I did something wrong I wouldn't say someone else did it, I would own up to what I did and take responsibility for whatever I did wrong. The reason for this is the more you lie about something the more it will come back and bite you in the butt harder than Just saying something in the beginning. My emotional well-being right everyone around me because someone may Just want someone to listen to what they

My role as a career Essay

My role as a career is to provide personal and practical care services for people with a wide range of illnesses and disabilities, to assist service users with getting up in the morning and getting washed also helping them get undress also bathing and the toilet where necessary. To help service users with mobility problems and other physical disabilities, including Incontinence and help in use- and care of aids and Personal equipment. To help in the promotion of mental and physical Activity of service users through talking to them, by taking them out, sharing with them in activity Such as reading, writing, hobbies and Recreation. To make and change beds; tidy rooms; do light Cleaning and empty commodes, do launder service users’ clothing. Set tables and trays, serve meals, and feed service users who need help, prepare light meals and wash up, and tidy and clear away. To read and write in log-book records and take part in staff and service users’ meetings and in training activities as directed. To conform to all policies, procedures and guidelines laid down by Trewcare in respect of carrying out these care duties and in other administrative aspects of the business, as Relevant. To be available to work, as and when is agreed with Trewcare giving where is possible, 24 hours’ notice of any cancellation. To carry out accurately in a competent manner, instructions from managers and Supervisors that adhering to the care plans of individual Service users. To actively talk- and listen to service users, allowing for their personal choice in their own Home. To ensure all home visits are for the time allowed, as scheduled and request the service User’s. To maintain accurate, concise, up-to-date and timely records of the service user’s care, Care plan folder, medication forms, financial transaction all in folder. To return all relevant paperwork to the office Where deemed necessary by the company. To document each visit in the daily log, detailing tasks undertaken, any changes which have occurred and other information relevant. Nature to be considerate in respect of written comments made in the daily log so as not to unduly or unintentionally offend or upset the service user as they and their family/represent actives are entitled to read it. To work only within Trewcare’s regulations regarding the handling of service users’ finances, ensuring accurate documentation and receipting of any transactions. To be familiar with Trewcare’s Health and Safety Policy and to promote safe  working practices to ensure full compliance with infection control procedures following company policy to report and record any accident or incident which may occur – no matter how minor, Weather to the service user or carer to report back to the manager(s) or supervisor(s) on any aspect of the service user’s care which, in the view of the care/support worker, warrants investigation or urgent action to report immediately to management any noticeable changes in health, behaviour or circumstances of s ervice users – maintaining the service user’s right to privacy and confidentiality to participate in reviews of service users’ care plans as required. To be aware of, and comply with, the tasks and activities which must NOT be undertaken as part of care duties, as detailed in Trewcare’s Policy on Prohibited Duties (Limits of Responsibility) to advise supervisors and/or managers of any perceived problems or difficulties. Experienced with the service provided to service users To advise supervisors and/or managers of any ideas, this might enhance and improve the level of service delivered to the service users. To perform such other duties as may reasonably require. To participate in induction and foundation training and regular in-service training programmes as directed by managers or supervisors. To make myself available on a regular basis at an agreed, appointed time to assess and Review my personal and professional progress which will be recorded in my personnel file, which is available for inspection on request this will be carried out as either a one-to-one or annual appraisal. My name of employee is Yvonne Smith and my employment began at 8/10/13 also my continuous employment will begin on 8/12/13. My work rates of pay, as detailed on the attached sheet. It will be paid at four weekly intervals in arrears by bank automated credit payment (BACS). My hours of work is variable by agreement according to the demands of the service with no guaranteed hours, I will be notified of hours by management. My holiday entitlement is 5.6 weeks per year from April to March paid as an average of the previous twelve weeks in line with the statuary requirement. Any overpaid holiday pay will be deducted at the end of employment. Bank and public holidays do not apply. My entitlement to sick pay is as laid down by the statutory sick pay scheme. Pension and pension scheme, the company offers a stakeholder pension scheme to all employees. A contracting out certificate under the social security pension’s act 1975 is not in force in respect of my employment. My notice  entitlement and requirements, under 1 month of service is nil to employer, 1 month of service but less than 2 years is 1 week to employer and 2 years of service or more is 1 week for each completed of year of service to a maximum of 12 weeks of employment to the employer. Under 1 month of service is to employee (me) is nil. 1 month of service or more is to employee is 4 weeks. My place of work is at Trewcare clients homes and there office. A disciplinary procedure applicable to me is I must adhere to the conditions of service and requirements as laid out in the employee’s handbook and company policies procedures. I acknowledge that I have received a statement of the particulars of my employment as required by s.1 ERA 1996 and I have confirmed my agreement that above terms contract of employment with Trewcare Limited. I sign and dated the contract and my employer. My pay slip must show: Gross pay – My full pay before any tax or National Insurance has been taken off the amounts of any deductions which change from payday to payday – variable deductions, for example tax and National Insurance, and what the deductions are for. The total amount of any fixed deductions – these are deductions which don’t change from payday to payday, for example union dues. An employer does not have to give details of what these deductions are for, as long as they give a separate statement with these details on at least once a year. The total amount of take-home pay after deductions, and the amount and method for any part payment of wage (for example separate figures of a cash payment and the balance credited to a bank account). My employer might include additional information on your pay slip which they are not required to provide, such as: National Insurance number, Tax code, Pay rate (either annual or hourly), and breakdown of additional payments like overtime, tips or bonuses, which must in any case be included in your gross pay figure. Change of name, Change of address and Change of bank details. I recognize that employees may from time to time have concerns, problems or complaints directly connected with their work and need to have a speedy,  fair, consistent and reliable for resolving these issues. My company’s grievance procedure, described below, aims to resolve problem areas quickly, fairly and objectively. The procedure is intended to reflect good employment practice and does not confer any contractual rights on employees. Procedure – It is in everyone’s best interest to ensure that employee grievances are dealt with quickly and fairly and at the lowest level possible at which the matter can be resolved. Informal Resolution – Most routine complaints and grievances are best resolved informally in discussion with the manager. Dealing with grievances in this way can often lead to a speedy and successful resolution of problems, and is recommended to all employees as the first option. Formal Procedure, Raising a formal grievance – If the informal approach does not resolve the matter, (or if the employee wishes to opt out of the informal option then the employee must put his/her grievance in writing to his/her immediate supervisor or manager, provided that he/she is not the subject of grievance. A simple form has been designed for this purpose. Employees with reading or language difficulties should seek assistance, for example, from a work colleague. Dealing with the grievance – Upon receipt by the company of a written grievance the employee will receive a written invitation, with at 3 calendar days’ notice, to attend a formal meeting to discuss the matter. An employee may request a postponement of the meeting, on account of a companion not being available, up to a maximum of 7 calendar days. If the employee has difficulty reading, or English is not their first language, the content of the invitation letter will be explained to them orally. The meeting will be arranged within 5 working days where possible, of the issue being raised, although certain circumstances, such as the need to collect information, etc., may make this difficult on occasion. Right to be accompanied – The employee will have the right to make a reasonable to be accompanied provided that the grievance concerns a duty owed by the employer to the employee. As such, this right is unlikely to apply in cases such as complaints about pay increases, quality of the refreshment. This right is, however, restricted to fellow worker, a trade union representative or an official employed by a trade union, and not someone acting in a representative capacity. A trade union represented who is not employed official must have been certified by their union as being competent to accompany a worker. Employees will be reminded of this right  prior to being invited to, and attending any meeting, and if they exercise this right, they shall be required to inform the agency of the name/status of the person who shall accompany them. No employee will be reprimanded or made to suffer harassment or punishment from anyone as a result of seeking resolution of a grievance through this procedure. Where a grievance is about the employee’s immediate supervisor or manager then the employee may go directly to the department head or director responsible for their area, or, if their immediate supervisor or manager holds such responsibility, to that person’s immediate manager, provided of course that such a person exists within the agency’s organizational structure. Records will be kept detailing the nature of the grievance, the response, any action taken and the reasons for it and whether there was an appeal, and if so, the outcome. These records will be kept confidential and retained in accordance with data Protection principles. An employer has a duty to ensure that data is being processed lawfully. Home workers may need specific training on their obligations and those of the employer in relation to data protection, the procedures which they must follow, and what is, and is not, an authorized use of data. Employees should understand when and how they are required to dispose of data they may create at home, for example; by requiring those to shred documents prior to disposal Employers should carry out an assessment of the data protection implications of employees working from home. Grievance – If you have a concern, problem or complaint at work, you might want to take this up with your employer. This is called raising a grievance. You might want to raise a grievance about things like; things you are being asked to do as part of your job, the terms and conditions of your employment contract, for example, your pay. The way you’re being treated at work, for example, if you’re not given a promotion when you think you should be discrimination at work. For example, you might think your work colleagues are bullying you because you because of your race, age, disability or sexuality. It may be possible to sort out your complaint by simply talking to your employer informally. However, it’s not always possible to sort out your complaint in this way and you may want to take out a formal grievance. You don’t have to take out a formal grievance. However, if you end up making a complaint to an employment  tribunal, the tribunal may reduce any compensation they award you if you didn’t raise a grievance first. Be respected and to be treated as an individu al. To be treated in a dignified way, to be treated equally and not discriminated against. Be aloud privacy and cared for in a way that meets our needs and takes account of preferences and choices. Safeguarded and protected from danger and harm. Allowed access of information about them and cared for in a way that meets the client’s needs. Given choices and promote independence to be treated as an individual We are all individuals and everyone has their own unique character and personality, which are developed through the different life experiences, cultures and beliefs we follow. It is also through other factors such as social class, age, ethnicity, culture, background and gender. It is important and essential to treat different people as individuals and to try and meet their needs rather than stereotyping people. E.g. all black people are the same. Treating everyone the same ‘regardless’ is failing to respect diversity. Treated in a dignified way we all want to be treated with dignity and it is a very important part of an individual’s life. Working in the health and social care profession it is important to help people maintain their dignity so they can keep their sense of self-respect and self-wo rth. All health and social care professionals should be sensitive and aware of the needs of people and service users especially during times when the body and its functions could be exposed. Legislation that relates to health and safety includes, amongst others, the Health and Safety at work Act 1974, Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 and Health and Safety (Enforcing Authority) Regulations 1998. The general roles and responsibilities of health and safety policies and procedures agreed with my organisation for colleagues include, Having a personal and collective responsibility to promote safe working practices and maintain a healthy, safe and secure workplace and having a responsibility to ensure that they have an awareness of and comply with the organisations health and safety policy. Having an awareness of health and safety risks they face and the actions they should take to mitigate those risks. Ensuring that health and safety objectives, targets, processes and procedures are established and communicated throughout the organisation to all colleagues and ensure that clear accountability is established for health and safety throughout the  organisation. To take reasonable care of your own health and safety if possible avoid wearing jewellery so no spreading infections. To take reasonable care not to put other people – fellow employees and members of the public – at risk by what you do or don’t do in the course of your work and to co-operate with your employer, making sure you get proper training and you understand and follow the company’s health and safety policies and not to interfere with or misuse anything that’s been provided for your health, safety or welfare. Report any injuries, strains or illnesses you suffer as a result of doing your job (your employer may need to change the way you work). Tell your employer if something happens th at might affect your ability to work (e.g. becoming pregnant or suffering an injury) – your employer has a legal responsibility for your health and safety; they may need to suspend you while they find a solution to the problems. If you drive or operate machinery, to tell your employer if you take medication that makes you drowsy – they should temporarily move you to another job if they have one for you to do. Make the workplace safe and prevent risks to health, ensure that plant and machinery is safe to use, and that safe working practices are set up and followed make sure that all materials are handled, stored and used safely. Provide adequate first aid facilities. Train you about any potential hazards from the work you do, chemicals and other substances used by the firm, and give you information, instructions, training and supervision as needed and set up emergency plans also make sure that ventilation, temperature, lighting, and toilet, washing and rest facilities all meet health, safety and welfare requirements and check that the right work equipment is provided and is properly used and regularly maintained. Prevent or control exposure to substances that may damage your health and take precautions against the risks caused by flammable or explosive hazards, electrical equipment, noise and radiation also avoid potentially dangerous work involving manual handling and if it can’t be avoided, take precautions to reduce the risk of injury, provide health supervision as needed and provide protective clothing or equipment free of charge if risks can’t be removed or adequately controlled by any other means. Ensure that the right warning signs are provided and looked after and report certain accidents, injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences to either the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) or the local authority,  depending on the type of business. The main health and safety responsibilities of others include abiding by the health and safety policies of the organisation and various health and safety acts. Tasks that should not be carried out without special training include use of equipment, first aid, administering medication, health care procedures, and, food handling and preparation. In order to access additional support and information relating to health and safety I would refer to my line manager, the policies and procedures supplied by my organisation and access any government based websites. It is important to assess health and safety hazards posed by the work setting or by particular activities in order to prevent risk of injury to oneself, fellow colleagues and service use rs. I would report any potential health and safety risks that have been identified immediately to my line manager both verbally and by written report if necessary. Risk assessment can help address dilemmas between rights and health and safety concerns as the risk assessment will highlight a risk, therefore if there is any dilemma as to whether the client could carry out an activity, as they may be legally entitled to, there will be legal documentation to state that an employee has notified the client of the risks involved in that activity. An accident could be described as an unintentional incident which could possibly have an adverse effect on a person’s wellbeing, initiated from outside the human body, whereby there may be some initial warning. Some of these incidences can include a slip, trip, fall, burn or cut. A sudden illness can be described as an incident that occurs without warning, from within the human body, for example, a stroke or heart attack. If an accident or sudden illness occurs then policies and procedures to follow include making the situation safe if possible, treating my causality if possible, as I’m a first aider, reporting any accidents etc. that occur in the health and safety at work/accident book and reporting these to my supervisor or manager. In general I would follow all organisational and legal policies in place. The legislation that relates to moving and handling is the Health and Safety at work act 1974. It is important that all risk assessments are carried out on the individual or object beforehand. You must bend your knees and not your back, hold objects to your chest and do not lift anything above the weight that is specified by your employer. In my role as a volunteer at †¦ I lift items of very little weight except from time to time I will lift  tables in the setting up of the drop in which is always carried out by two people in order to evenly distribute the weight. Some hazardous substances and materials that may be found in the workplace may include electrical equipment, hot water, chemical substances hazardous to health, soiled linen, various detergents etc., needles and other residents and people. Hazardous substances should always be stored in their correct containers and should be clearly labelled. They should always be used only by people who are properly trained to use these substances and trained people should use these in the manner that they have been trained to use these substances, they should be disposed of in the correct manner and using correct storage containers that they are due to be disposed in. some practices that prevent fires from starting include not allowing rubbish and combustible waste to accumulate or bins to overflow, check electrical equipment and wiring regularly, not decanting or using flammable materials near a naked flame. Some practices that prevent fires from spreading include raising the alarm ASAP, not messi ng with firefighting equipment, never leave doors open or obstructed, only fighting the fire if it is safe to do so and following all organisational policies. Clear evacuation routes should be kept clear at all times because if these are blocked then a person’s route to safety may be blocked resulting in possible injury or death in the event of a fire. I would use agreed ways of working to check the identity of anyone requesting access to the work premises or information, by checking in any diaries available, or with line managers, anyone who has an appointment that day, as well as referring to all organisational and legal policies that may be in force. If I was in any doubt whatsoever, I would refuse access and refer any situation whereby an individual was requesting any access or information to my line manager. I would also treat the individual requesting access to premises and/or information with respect and telephone their employer to validate that they are who they say they are. It is important to ensure that others known their own whereabouts so that they know the nearest exit in case of a fire or some other emergency where the building had to be evacuated. Indicators and common signs of stress can include headaches, tense muscles, aches of body muscles, increase in smoking as well as reduced ability to concentrate and becoming irate. Some circumstances that tend to trigger my own stress include people contradicting me when I’m correct in  what I’m saying or doing and when people badmouth things or people I like or love. The ways I tend to manage my own stress include accepting what other people are saying or doing (whether they be right or wrong), taking myself out of the situation and talking to people who are not in the situation or have nothing to do with the situation. If I had a problem with a member of staff, for example if I didn’t like the way that they were treating a resident I would go to my manager and explain my concerns, if after informing my manager the problem persists I would then go back, if my manager dismissed this as she has already talked to the staff member, this would cause conflict and I would seek help from someone above my manager (Regional Director). Anti-discriminatory: Treat everyone as an individual and do no dis-respect race or culture. Health & Safety: Keep up to date with all training and comply with all requested of me to ensure myself, colleagues and residents are not at risk of harm or injury. Confidentiality: Ensure all information is secured properly and don’t give out any information to anyone you’re not sure about, consult Team Leader if unsure. Whistleblowing: Identify the unethical behavior in question and determine how it’s affecting you or the organization in which you work. There are many things that I do that contribute to the overall delivery of the service provider, for example I provide the best possible care I can give to the service users & families of those service users by communicating effectively & being involved in their day to day activities and personal needs I may also write their daily reports in deep detail. I read and sign all the service users care plans to ensure I can provide the correct and safest care. It is important to maintain my skills and keep up to date with my training and keep up to date with changes in legislation, the quality of care to the residents of the home by setting standards of care for the carers to work to and need to be client led-always giving the person you are looking after his/her own choice/decision over what he/she would like done for them. After all they are the employers really. So showing respect at all times coupled with privacy and dignity when bathing or assisting them in toilet routines. Knocking on doors and waiting before entering a room is a basic must. But  the ideal carer is one who gets pleasure out of being helpful rather than regarding his/her role as just a mere job. It follows that if a carer wants the clients to do as they are told rather than being given choices and respect, then their quality of life becomes miserable and they will dread that particular ‘so-called’ carer being around. Codes of Practice, Legislation dictates our level and quality of care. Government initiatives impact the people we serve. I am a direct care support professional in the field of caring for persons with multiple disabilities, including developmental disabilities. For example, a code of practice in action, and in a very general sense – may be staff supporting, but also providing the tools, for individuals to become more independent. Too much support, they would learn dependence. Tools alone without support, they may not understand how to use them or when to use them. Occupational Standards would be a general guide for each career within a given field that expresses the foundational do and don’ts for each. Example, we would provide a minimum amount of service, documented and within the guidelines for the individual, while if we offered additional services that are needed and appropriate to the individual that would be good. Laws protect for the most part. Most laws are based on safety. So legislation that offers greater protection for the people we serve, and laws that provide a clear expectation for staff – which if we follow judiciously, also protects us – are incorporated into all daily activities and decisions. We do not restrain. That is protection for the individual. A person passing by an accident and offering help is protected from lawsuits by the Good Samaritan Law. So in these examples, both the individual, and the care-giver have laws that protect them. Government Initiatives – well, that’s a pretty general term as well which could also be interpreted in many different ways. Initiatives – I think of entitlement programs. Social Security, SSI, Welfare, WIC, HEAP, HUD, etc., These programs – governmental initiatives – provide additional support to persons at or below the poverty level, to help them to have necessities. Some, not all, persons with disabilities, utilize these programs / initiatives, to assist with whatever they are unable to provide through their paid community employment. These national factors give you guidance, standards and rules to follow my work practice. Legislation tells me what I must/must not do. My role and responsibilities in respect of employment practices and present an issue of public concern that has occurred within either the health, social care people’s sector. Additionally, I will create a career plan which reflects on my continuing professional development and related learning and possible future qualification opportunities. Maybe look at how the special educational needs code of practice impacts on what I do or who I contact in my setting. What does my job contract list as its minimum standards for duties and responsibilities that I am expected to work with, perform to & where wanted beyond in my daily work? Representational bodies are groups or organizations that guide or stand for the same thing that colleagues working in a Caring sector field. Care Quality Commission and General Social Care Council. Care Quality Commission: We are the regulator for all health and social care services in England. A regulator is an organization that checks services meet the government’s standards or rules about care. We check that people get good, safe care from: hospitals, dentists, ambulances, care homes and services that support them in their own home or in other places. We also look after the rights of people who need extra support to stay safe. This includes people who are kept in care under a law called the Mental Health Act. What we check: The government’s standards cover all areas of care. These rules are about things like: respecting people and treating them in the way we all expect to be treated and making sure people receive the food and drink they need. Giving people care in clean, safe buildings and managing services and having the right staff. We put care services on our register if they meet the standards, or act quickly if they do not. General Social Care Council: About the General Social Care Council (GSCC), The General Social Care Council is the social care workforce regulator for England. The GSCC is a Non Departmental Public Body established in October 2001 under the Care Standards Act 2000. It is sponsored by the Department of Health (DH) but also works closely with the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) in delivering the children’s and young people’s care agenda. The  GSCC works to improve the quality of social care services for the benefit of people who use services through regulation of the workforce and through its contribution to social work education. It has three main functions, It issues and distributes codes of practice for social care workers and their employers also it maintains the register of social care workers and it regulates social work education and training.

Introduction To Duty Of Care In Health Essay

I heard you were thinking of working in the Care Profession which is excellent, I just wanted to fill you in on a few things which would help you. Health and Social Care work places have what is called a duty of care which means that you have a duty of care towards the people that you are looking after that means you must do everything you can to keep the individuals you look after safe from harm. It is not only the work place that has to prioritise the safety, welfare and interests of the individuals using the service but also the care staff. Care workers must also have a duty of care towards other staff members to ensure that all working conditions are safe and suitable to deliver the best service they can. It also means being a responsible care giver for other individuals who could be too ill or physically unable to care for themselves and requires another person to assist them on a daily basis, this could include assisting the individuals with their personal hygiene, safety, meal preparation or other medical and physical needs until they are met to the highest standards that the individual is happy with. Duty of Care affects the way people work as the employer provides policies and procedures and ways of being aware of any dangers by carrying out Risk Assessments. Social Care workers and Care organisations must do as much as possible to keep individuals safe from harm, we do these Risk Assessments by looking for either a hazard which is an actual or potential such as a chemical or process that may lead to an accident, also risks a situation that can lead to a hazard and carry the possibilities of something serious happening.

New Technology: Police Body Worn Cameras Essay

Our department is currently going to purchase new technology in the form of officer worn cameras. Over the next five years this technology will be put in place. The police department will see many benefits from this technology in the areas of evidence preservation, reduced liability and improved efficiency for the police department. The officer worn camera is a device that has become cost effective and efficient in size and capabilities. The camera is attached to the Officers uniform and allows the officer to capture video and audio of his activities throughout his tour of duty. This will be used to document traffic stops, consent searches and â€Å"res gestae† statements made to officers. The officer worn camera will reduce false allegations made against officers, and the investigative overhead that comes along with these allegations. The future benefits from the officer worn cameras in the reduction of liability to the city, the police department and the officer. According to Sir Ronnie Flanagan’s policing review published last week, not only do cameras provide improved evidence, they can also reduce the time taken to file incident reports by 22 per cent, which would give officers an extra 50 minutes of patrol time per officer per day, according to the report (Kelly, 2008) In this new era of budget shortfalls and diminished manpower this new technology can provide a more efficient police department by freeing up time that is normally spent on unnecessary investigations. Implementing reporting procedures using cameras and video can also reduce time spent on report writing duties. In Conclusion, the purchase of the officer worn cameras will reduce liability in cases where false accusations are made. Video statements can be used preserve evidence and the capability of reporting will create a more efficient police department. References: Foster, R. E. (2005). Police technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Kelly, N. (2008). Police pilot body-worn cameras. Computing, 6. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/212414151?accountid=32521

Banking System and Macroeconomic Effects †MyAssignmenthelp

Crypto currencies are forms of digital currency. These currencies use encryption techniques in order to regulate the generation of currency units. Bitcoin is one such crypto currency. Crypto currency is not yet considered as a legal tender in most countries. In fact, at present most of the central banks of the world are putting efforts to ban the trade of crypto currencies. Over the last few years, certain crypto currencies like Bitcoin have garnered immense attention from across different traders owing to their volatile nature. Bitcoin was introduced in the year 2009. The currency is traded without a middleman and with zero bank involvement. It is a peer to peer network through which this currency is traded and transactions are made directly to the parties. Bit coin can be used to trade in goods and services, some use it as a form of investment and some are using it for making payment of businesses (Popper, N., 2015). However, most countries have yet not accepted it as a legal payme nt methodology. It is similar to digital cash transaction as Bitcoin can also be sent through mobile applications and puters. Bitcoin is stored in a digital wallet. These wallets are used as a virtual bank account that allows users to save, send and receive their payments. These wallets are not recognised by the FDIC as methods of paying for goods or services. Bitcoin works as a medium of exchange for goods and services in four countries at the moment which are Japan, Canada, Germany and Holland. Bitcoin is considered to be a form of currency as it can be stored for future investments (Forrester and Solomon, 2013). Bitcoin investment of an individual can also reflect upon the purchasing power of consumer. Consumer have the option to buy the currency, hold it in their accounts or book profits as they deem profitable depending upon the volatility in the market (Bit coin, 2018). Merchants who accept Bit coin as a payment can convert it into standard currency that is in Dollars, Euros etc. Bitcoin has some advantages as it introduces a new payment mechanism; tipping system, automated payment solution, time locked payment management, public asset tracking, low trust escrow services, micro payment channels and more such facilities (Bit coin, 2018). Another advantage of Bitcoin is that its high volatility in the currency market makes it a ‘high risk and high return’ asset. Pegging any currency against the dollar refers to the act of fixing the currency value with respect to the value of Dollar. In other words we can say that the value of US dollar against the other currency is fixed and will not move irrespective of how the market functions. The process of pegging currency with US dollar is often conducted in oil extracting countries as US is the largest importer of oil. GCC economies are the third largest economy. The growth of this economy is highly dependent on selling oil (The Economist, 2018). By pegging the GCC against Dollar has several advantages and disadvantages. Pegging of currency eliminates the risk of currency fluctuations and the risks associated with it. This provides stability to the currency in the international currency market. Pegging encourages the regional currency valuation as the dollar is considered to be the standard currency and by pegging with dollar, currency of other country does not fluctuate (Brooking, 2018). In countries like Saudi Arabia and Venezuela pegging with US dollar has been done in order to protect the countries from the risk of currency fluctuations because US is the major importer for oil. Various countries opt for pegging in order to increase external trade in the country. As external trade increases, the GDP of the country also increases. When pegging of a currency is done to a higher value currency then the value of the country enhances in the public opinion making it an attractive destination to invest. Therefore investment b es easier in that country. This process also protect country from speculation Pegging also gives freedom to set rules and economic policies, interest rates and help to control inflation in the country. Therefore countries must peg their currencies to dollar in order to limit their risks. If a country currency is pegged with the US dollar then the country can take more loan as it will have a more stable environment and economy. Pegging also helps in getting better deals for international loans and interest rates provided the economy’s inflation is in control. The loan taken in the dollar value is harder to pay off because dollar has the high value as pared to the other currency. Therefore in the longer run, pegging would result in rising cost of capital and increased import prices (Espinoza and Prasad, 2010).   The country which pegs it’s currency with the USD has to maintain a high reserve of dollars. It means central bank of that country has to hold a high amount of reserves in US dollars (Financial Times, 2018). Holding of foreign currency reserve (dollar) indulges a cost which adversely affects the economy. Pegging also leads to an increase in inflation. Growth and development of a country is dependent on the performance of dollar. Monetary policies are restricted in every country and are wholly dependent on the performance of the currency to which the currency is pegged. Similarly in the case of US dollar and countries pegged with it, it means that if the value of US dollar falls the currency of other country will also fall and vice versa. Bitcoin, 2018. ‘Bit coin for developers’. [Online]. Available at:   https://Bit coin.org/en/Bit coin-for-developers [ACCESSED ON 30 th march 2018] Bitcoin, 2018. ‘Bit coin for individual’. [Online]. Available at:   https://Bit coin.org/en/Bit coin-for-individuals. [ACCESSED ON 30 th march 2018] Brooking, (2018). ‘Sustaining the GCC currency pegs: The need for collaboration’. [Online]. Available at: https://www.brookings.edu/research/sustaining-the-gcc-currency-pegs-the-need-for-collaboration/. [ACCESSED ON 31 th march 2018] Espinoza, R.A. and Prasad, A., 2010.  Ã¢â‚¬ËœNonperforming loans in the GCC banking system and their macroeconomic effects (No. 10-224)’. International Monetary Fund. Financial Times, 2018. ‘Gulf’s dollar peg makes sense’. [Online]. Available at:   https://www.eiu /industry/article/1725886356/will-the-gulf-co-operation-council-currency-pegs-survive/2017-09-13. [ACCESSED ON 31th march 2018] Forrester, D. and Solomon, M., 2013.  Ã¢â‚¬ËœBitcoin explained: Today's plete guide to tomorrow's currency’. CreateSpace Independent publishing platform. Popper, N., 2015.  Digital gold: Bitcoin and the inside story of the misfits and millionaires trying to reinvent money  (pp. 156-197). New York: Harper. Tanha, H. and Dempsey, M., 2017. Derivatives usage in emerging markets following the GFC: Evidence from the GCC countries.  Emerging Markets Finance and Trade,  53(1), pp.170-179. The Economist, 2018. ‘Financial Services’. [Online]. Available at:   https://www.eiu /industry/article/1725886356/will-the-gulf-co-operation-council-currency-pegs-survive/2017-09-13. [ACCESSED ON 30 th march 2018]. The National, 2018. ‘Why GCC states should ditch the dollar peg and switch to a currency basket’. [Online]. Available at: https://www.thenational.ae/business/economy/why-gcc-states-should-ditch-the-dollar-peg-and-switch-to-a-currency-basket-1.700668. [ACCESSED ON 31 th march 2018]